Power, Faith, and Fantasy: America in the Middle East 1776-Present | History Book on US-Middle East Relations | Perfect for Students, Historians & Policy Researchers

Power, Faith and Fantasy is an excellent history of the interaction between the US and the Middle East since our nation's founding, resting on those three themes as the appropriate paradigms through which to interpret that interaction.The history can be roughly broken up into three phases. The first is the Barbary Wars where out Nation found it's strength (as well as it's Navy) and much of it's character in a drawn out, and often meandering, struggle against Muslim pirates. The second is a long period from the end of the Barbary Wars to World War I, which is characterized almost exclusively by the efforts of private missionaries travelling far and wide across the Middle East to bring the word of Christ, as well as more pedestrian tourism. The missionaries efforts at proselytizing were almost universally a failure, but they did leave behind a large number of relatively sophisticated schools and universities which were unknown in the Middle East at the time and later became the fountains of power for the Arab Nationalism movement. Both the missionaries and the tourists however generally returned home disappointed by the whole experience. The Middle East remained a place that promised so much but delivered so litte. The last, "modern," phase of the history stretches essentially from World War I to now. The watershed event of this period was the collapse of the Ottoman Empire which eliminated any sizable, coherent Muslim power in the world, a first since the Caliphate was founded over a thousand years ago.For me this period was the most relevant, although the previous two were certainly very interesting. At the end of World War I the victors proceeded to thoroughly "lose the peace" in the middle east, promising freedom -which so many there thirsted for after living under the generally unwanted yoke of the Turkish Ottomans- but delivering colonialism instead. This poured anti-western fuel onto the fires of both the reactionary / fundamentalist Islam being espoused by Wahabbi mosques and others, and the countervailing, secular nationalist movements at home in the schools founded by the American missionaries. Through a long series of events, -the introduction of Israel and muslim intolerance of it, continued western meddling such as the Anglo-French-Israeli Suez Crisis, the failure of Middle Eastern governments to adapt to the modern world, and the collapse of Arab nationalism which adopted the unworkable theory of socialism as their mantra- the Middle East never achieved any of the dreams that its various inhabitants saw as eerily within grasp following the end of WWI, be it freedom, Arab unity, or the re-emergence of an Islamic power reformed from the corrupt and backward Ottoman Empire. This has led to an inexorable slide into the Middle East we find today, a corrupt thugocracy whose people are unfortunately turning increasingly towards radical islam as their savoir and the outlet of their anger now that the alternate (and false) hope of Nationalist inspired Socialism evaporated into failure, and post colonial freedom has proven to be a chimerical mirage.While much of the Middle East's problems have been intensified by outside interference, more of them have been home grown. It is a place that for both internal and external reasons has never experienced real freedom. We now stand at an extremely pivotal moment in the history of not only the region and our nation but the world. After a long a bewildering history of interaction between America and the Middle East our relations have reached their zenith, with an American led liberation of Iraq that has brought the first chance of real freedom to the Middle East while at the same time teetering on the brink of occupation through mistakes and incompetence. The Middle East is now walking a deadly tightrope between radical Islam on the one side and American inspired freedom on the other. America walks a similar tightrope, between facing the bloody and expensive proposition of spreading of our ideals into the region -with the sobering realization that this won't necessarily bring peace or friendship towards us-, or falling back to a diplomatic preference for a farcical and self serving "stability" in the region which has marked our relations with the region from 1945 to 2003 -hopefully with the equally sobering realization that this has contributed immensely to the current woes of the region that spilled over onto our shores on 9/11.Michael B. Oren's book is an amazing and extensive tour of the history of the Middle East, how America has interacted with it, and how we have gotten to the situation outlined above. His writing style is fast and fluid, and while the middle half of the book gets bogged down a good deal, it is truly useful reading for anyone trying to understand what is going on in the Middle East today and trying to figure out what we should be doing in kind.Highly recommended.